Two children working on task

Theory & Practice

We work with universities and other partners to strengthen understanding of the theory and practice of primary science.

Explore the links below to find out more about ways to improve science teaching and learning

Here you’ll find practical guidance on assessing science progress, supporting effective leadership and professional development, and enhancing science teaching across different contexts.

Sector report

The State of Primary Science in the UK (2025)

Conducted by ImpactEd Group and commissioned by PSTT with The Ogden Trust and SEERIH (The University of Manchester), with support from the Comino Foundation, this report offers an updated picture of primary science teaching and leadership across the UK. Building on the Wellcome Trust’s 2017 baseline, it provides valuable insights for educators, school leaders and policymakers.

Drawing on a UK-wide survey and focus groups, the report highlights both progress and areas for development. More schools now have designated science leaders and regular science provision, yet gaps remain in teacher confidence and access to professional development. The findings emphasise the importance of strong leadership in ensuring high-quality science learning for all pupils.

Download the report

Teacher Assessment in Primary Science

TAPS supports a valid, reliable and manageable system of primary school science assessment which will have a positive impact on children’s learning.

Explore resource
Science experiment

Thinking, Doing, Talking Science

Thinking Doing Talking Science is a research-based approach to teaching primary science. It is one of the sources of evidence for the Education Endowment Foundation’s 2023 Improving Primary Science guidance report. It is based on over 20 years of educational research and pulls together a range of established good practice.

An interactive Thinking, Doing, Talking Science training programme has been created for primary teachers. It equips them to successfully implement this approach in their classrooms, fostering creative and challenging science lessons that encourage all children to develop higher-order thinking skills. PSTT’s 2-day course is suitable for all teachers in key stage 1 and key stage 2 and is compatible with any curriculum or scheme of work

Find out more
Thinking, Doing, Talking Science logo

Support high-quality science provision for young learners

Guidance on Improving Primary Science Teaching

The Education Endowment Foundation’s (EEF) new guidance report, Improving Primary Science, outlines six actionable recommendations to support teachers and school leaders to make improvements to their existing science provision, including how to develop pupils’ scientific vocabulary, and relate new learning to relevant, real-world contexts.

Each recommendation includes models, worked examples and suggested strategies to illustrate what the evidence could look like practice in your primary school classroom.

The report is accompanied by additional resources designed to support pupils’ independence when working scientifically and prompt meaningful discussions around science professional development for staff.

Download the report
three children carrying out an electricity investigation in the classroom

What might a future primary science curriculum look like?

Framework for a Future Primary Science Curriculum

This framework is the outcome of the work carried by the Primary Curriculum Advisory Group (PCAG). This group was established by the Institute of Physics, the Royal Society of Biology, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Association for Science Education (ASE) with a brief to produce advice and guidance about the future of the primary science curriculum.

Written by a group of experienced primary science educators, the Framework for a Future Primary Science Curriculum (2023) provides the basis for the design of a curriculum that is contemporary, cognitively appropriate and relevant for all children, and that lays the foundation for future learning in science. With equity and inclusion at its heart, it aims to ensure that all children can access and participate in science.

Download the framework

Support for children with SEND

Inclusion in primary science

PSTT has a range of materials to support children with SEND, including guidance, examples of medium term plans, science club resources and links to other resources.

Click on the links below to explore our guidance and resource pages.

PSTT works closely with the Lightyear Foundation, which improves access for children with SEND to STEM activities and careers.

Visit Lightyear Foundation
Paper chain of people holding hands
Magnifying glass looking at flowers

STRATA (Science to Raise and Track Achievement) Materials:

Medium term plans for teachers of children with SEND, developed by teachers in Cambridgeshire.

Explore resource
Logos

Sensory Sparks Club

The Sensory Sparks club, created by PSTT College Fellow and SEN specialist teacher Julie Neil, provides activities aimed specifically towards child...

Explore resources
Science in my pocket bags

Further resources to support engagement and participation of children with SEND in science

Science In My Pocket (SIMP) provides science activities for Teaching Assistants to use with children who need emotional and behavioural support.

View resources

Explore these links to further your knowledge of primary science education

Climate science education – Supporting the development of climate science education in primary schools.

Creativity in primary science – Exemplification of creativity in primary science.

The Journal of Emergent Science – (JES) has a research focus on primary aged learners and we see it as a
pivotal step in supporting and promoting research amongst practising teachers.

Wind turbines

Climate science education

Learn more
Drawing around silhouettes

Creativity in primary science

Learn more
JES Cover

Journal of Emergent Science

Learn more